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Discover our hydraulic cylinder guide.
How to choose a hydraulic HPS cylinder ?
(Basic application)
1Type of cylinders
First element to take into account is the type of cylinder. HPS International manufactures and sells 6 types of cylinders for various applications :
- Block cylinders (compact) for plastic injections, molding, cosmetics and packaging.
- Tie rods for plastic injection, molding and aluminum injection applications.
- Round cylinders (ISO, DIN, CNOMO) for plastic injection and molding.
- Special cylinders (made to measure, double bore) for plastic injection, molding and die casting.
- Auto-locking cylinders for plastic injections, molding, cosmetics and packaging.
- Cylinders for foundries for aluminum injection.
- Example : Block cylinder
- High Speed : Go for the RCVN
- Compact : VBL, VBLS, VCR, VXP
- With mechanical sensor : VCE
- With inductive sensor : VDI
- With magnetic sensor : VBM
- Cooling : VRE
2Bore
The first essential information to take into account when choosing the size of the bore is the operating pressure.
Knowing the operating pressure you want to use will help you choose the size of the cylinder bore.
The second key information needed to choose the size of the bore is the amount of force required for the application. Here is a quick formula to find the approximate size of the bore in the direction of cylinder extension :
- F = required force (N)
- P = operating pressure (bar)
- A = Surface of the bore (mm²)
- D = bore diameter (mm)
- D = √4.F / √π.√p
As a general rule, the resulting bore diameter is rounded to the next standard bore size.
3Rod
Now that you know the minimum size of the hydraulic cylinder bore, you must now choose the ideal rod size. Most HPS cylinders come with several rod options.
The correct rod is chosen based on the necessary stroke length, which has an effect on the buckling resistance of the rod.
When selecting the rods, the smallest rod in the bore should only be used for reduced stroke thrust loads or in reduced pressure applications. The largest rod should be used in cases that depend on its reliability and maximum strength.
If the desired rod diameter is greater than the largest diameter in the bore size of the selected cylinder, it is time to re-examine the cylinder design parameters. It is usually in these situations that the application requires a custom hydraulic cylinder.
4Mounting
The hydraulic cylinders are divided into two types, depending on their mounting style, either a pivot mounting or a straight line mounting. Pivot mounted cylinders are used when a load is to be moved in an arc and includes supports such as a clevis and a trunnion.
Cylinders mounted in a straight line are used when the load is to be moved in a linear direction. It includes a flange support and a back or front foot.
5Seals
A hydraulic cylinder must have the right seals, as they play a vital role in preventing any oil leaks. This, in turn, guarantees a continuous and flawless use of the cylinder. The seal should be selected based on the cylinder's applications, operating environment and the maximum operating pressure it can withstand.
HPS International offers 4 types of seals :
- Standard N Nitrile seals, for temperatures from -20 ° to + 80 ° C, an operating speed of 0.5 m / s. Fluids: mineral oil, filtration ISO 4406 19/17/14.
- Viton V FPM seals, for temperatures from -20 ° to + 200 ° C, an operating speed of 0.5 m / s. Non-combustible fluids based on Ester Phosphate (HFD-R), ISO 4406 filtration 19/17/14.
- Glycol G nitrile seals, for temperatures from -20 ° to + 90 ° C, an operating speed of 0.5 m / s. Fluids: Water-Glycol (HFC), ISO 4406 filtration 19/17/14.
- PTFE P seals in viton / PTFE, for temperatures from -20 ° ... + 240 ° C, an operating speed of 0.5 m / s. Non-combustible fluid based on Ester Phosphate (HFD-R), ISO 4406 filtration 19/17/14.
Other elements to consider when choosing a cylinder such as power, operating mode and switches.
6Sensors
HPS International offers 4 types of hydraulic cylinder sensors. The choice depends on the needs and demands of the clients.
- Mechanical : Adjustable, reliable, easy and fast assembly, compact (HPS).
- Inductive : Non-adjustable, reliable, easy and compact.
- Magnetic : Adjustable, popular, compact.
- Linear : Precise, compact (inside the stem).
7Hydraulic concepts:
Pressure, force, flow
- Pressure (bar) : Power creation
P = F/S - Forces developed by pushing (daN) :
F = P x S1 - Forces developed by pulling (daN) :
F = P x S2 - Flow (l / min) : Speed Creation
V = Q / S
- With unit :
- P : bar Q flow: cm3/min
- F: daN S: π x r² cm² Vspeed: cm/min
- 1000N = 100 daN = 1KN = 0.1 Ton